嗜酸性细胞肺类癌18F-FDG PET/CT异常高摄取一例

患者女,40岁,因"咳嗽10个月余,咳绿色浓痰伴发热5 d"就诊本院。体格检查:神志清,一般情况可。2018年10月26日外院胸部CT平扫及增强(图1)示右肺上叶肺门旁直径约2.2 cm类圆形结节影,边缘光整,无毛刺及卫星灶,密度尚均匀;增强后明显强化,动脉期CT值约107 HU,静脉期CT值约89 HU,考虑为硬化性肺细胞瘤。于外院行抗炎、止咳、化痰等治疗,症状无缓解。     

Identification of key genes and pathways in discoid lupus skin via bioinformatics analysis

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common skin manifestation of lupus; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying DLE remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in discoid lupus skin and investigate their potential pathways.To identify candidate genes involved in the occurrence and development of the disease, we downloaded the microarray datasets {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE52471","term_id":"52471"}}GSE52471 and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE72535","term_id":"72535"}}GSE72535 from the Gene Expression Database (GEO). DEGs between discoid lupus skin and normal controls were selected using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/Venn/). The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), Enrichr, and Cytoscape ClueGo were used to analyze the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathways and gene ontology. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of these DEGs were further assessed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval Interacting Genes version 10.0.Seventy three DEGs were co-expressed in both datasets. DEGs were predominantly upregulated in receptor signaling pathways of the immune response. In the PPI network, 69 upregulated genes were selected. Furthermore, 4 genes (CXCL10, ISG15, IFIH1, and IRF7) were found to be significantly upregulated in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, from analysis of Enrichr and Cytoscape ClueGo.The results of this study may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of DLE. However, further experimentation is required to confirm these findings.     

National level data analysis of facial lacerations in Korea using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database

No national epidemiological investigations have been conducted recently regarding facial lacerations. The study was performed using the data of 3,634,229 people during the 5-year period from 2014 to 2018 archived by the National Health Information Database (NHID) of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Preschool and children under 10 years old accounted for about one-third of patients. Facial lacerations were concentrated in the “T-shaped” area, which comprised forehead, nose, lips, and the perioral area. The male to female ratio for all study subjects was 2.16:1. Age and gender are significantly related with each other (P < .001). Mean hospital stays decreased, and numbers of outpatient department visits per patient were highest for hospitals and lowest for health agencies. Over the study period, hospital costs per patient in tertiary and general hospitals increased gradually. Preschool and school-aged children are vulnerable to trauma. Male patients outnumbered female patients by a factor of more than 2. The “T-shaped’” area around forehead is vulnerable to injury. Total cost of medical care benefits per patient in tertiary hospitals was about 7 times on average than in health agencies. Regarding functional, behavioral, and aesthetic outcomes, more attention should be paid to epidemiologic data and hospital costs for facial lacerations.     

张应力对小鼠蝶枕软骨联合细胞增殖及低氧诱导因子- 1α表达的影响

目的:了解循环张应力对小鼠颅底蝶枕软骨联合细胞(SOSCs)增殖及低氧诱导因子-1α表达的影响。方法:采集1 d龄小鼠的SOSCs进行体外培养,对第三代细胞加载牵张形变率分别为3%、6%、9%,频率为1 Hz,持续时间为1 h的循环张应力;用流式细胞术测算细胞增殖指数,用蛋白免疫印迹技术分析Hif-1α的表达水平。用按相同条件培养但不加力的细胞作为对照。结果:各实验组细胞的增殖指数和Hif-1α相对表达量都高于对照组(P<0.05);其中,6%牵张形变率组的细胞增殖指数和Hif-1α相对表达量较对照组增加最多。结论:适宜强度的循环张应力对体外培养小鼠SOSCs的增殖和Hif-1α表达具有促进作用。     

不同手术方法治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折临床疗效观察

目的探讨不同手术方法治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折临床疗效。方法选择2016年1月—2018年12月84例复杂胫骨平台骨折患者,随机分组。单侧锁定钢板内固定组选择单侧锁定钢板内固定手术,双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定组选择双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定。分析手术操作时间、手术失血、平均住院天数以及复杂胫骨平台骨折愈合时间;治疗前后患者视觉模拟评分和Rasmussen膝关节功能评分;膝关节僵硬发生率。结果双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定组视觉模拟评分和Rasmussen膝关节功能评分、手术操作时间、手术失血、平均住院天数以及复杂胫骨平台骨折愈合时间、膝关节僵硬发生率和单侧锁定钢板内固定组比较有优势,P<0.05。结论复杂胫骨平台骨折患者实施双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定可获得较好效果。     

基于SEER数据库脊索瘤临床预测模型的建立及验证

目的构建脊索瘤患者的预测模型并进行验证。方法从SEER数据库(2004~2015年)中鉴定和收集597例脊索瘤患者。Nomogram是基于建模组420例拥有完整数据的患者建立的。C指数(C-index)和校正曲线确定Nomogram的预测精度和判别能力。结果建立了基于年龄、种族、原发部位及数量、肿瘤分期(TNM)、手术方式、是否放疗、肿瘤转移和肿瘤大小等预后因素的预测模型,C指数为0.778。确定生存概率的校准曲线表明,Nomogram预测结果与实际观测结果吻合较好。年龄>60岁(P<0.001,HR 5.723,95%CI 1.988~16.474)、M1(P<0.001,HR 4.121,95%CI 1.834~9.257)、手术方式(全切除,P<0.01,HR0.416,95%CI 0.236~0.732;根治性扩大切除,P<0.0001,HR 0.251,95%CI 0.143~0.442)是独立预后因素。结论 Nomogram为脊柱脊索瘤患者提供了更准确的预后预测。本研究结果显示,年龄>60岁肿瘤分期M1和不进行手术是显著缩短脊索瘤患者生存时间的独立危险因素。     

医学影像纹理分析在软组织肿瘤中的研究进展

近年来凭借大数据及深度学习使得以纹理分析(Texture Analysis)为代表的影像组学迅猛发展。随着纹理分析方法及影像新技术的不断研发应用,近年来纹理分析被越来越多的应用于临床研究,为疾病、尤其是肿瘤的诊断、分级与疗效预测评估提供有价值的医学影像依据。本文总结了纹理分析的常用方法、流程,并对软组织肿瘤的研究现况进行调查,作一综述。     

基于Oncomine数据库分析分泌性磷蛋白1在肝细胞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的分析分泌性磷蛋白1(SPP1)在肝细胞癌中的表达,探索其对肝癌患者预后的影响。方法基于Oncomine数据库,对肝细胞癌中的SPP1差异表达情况进行分析,探讨其意义;利用Kaplan Meier-Plotter在线分析工具,对患者生存情况进行分析;基于String数据库在线构建蛋白互作网络。结果在筛选到的4项研究中,肝癌组SPP1基因的表达分别为4.92±0.24,0.35±0.30,-0.92±0.29和5.12±0.50,与相应正常组表达量1.96±0.28,-1.23±0.06,-2.93±0.13和1.89±0.31相比较均显著增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.001);SPP1高表达组患者诊断后总体中位生存期为37.8个月,较SPP1低表达组(84.4个月)明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.001);在男性(41.0个月vs 84.7个月)、亚洲人群(7.2个月vs 56.2个月)、GradeⅢ级(5.7个月vs23.7个月)或未感染肝炎病毒患者(25.2个月vs 70.5个月)亚组中的总体生存期均显著下降(错误发现率<5%,P <0.001)。透明质酸受体、整合素β1、基质金属蛋白酶7、金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子1、白细胞介素6和纤维连接蛋白1等是显著的节点基因。结论 SPP1与肝细胞癌进展显著相关,高SPP1表达与HCC患者的不良存活密切相关。